我浏览了作为注释添加的两个URL，WordPress Codex文档，如register_taxonomy here 还有一些，并想出了这个代码，似乎确实做到了这一点。主要添加的是添加的过滤器post_type_link 过滤cpt段塞并加载所需术语。

    // Register Custom Taxonomy
    function portfolio_taxonomy() {

        $labels = array(
            \'name\'                       => _x( \'Labels\', \'Taxonomy General Name\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'singular_name\'              => _x( \'Label\', \'Taxonomy Singular Name\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'menu_name\'                  => __( \'Labels\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'all_items\'                  => __( \'All Items\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'parent_item\'                => __( \'Parent Item\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'parent_item_colon\'          => __( \'Parent Item:\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'new_item_name\'              => __( \'New Item Name\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'add_new_item\'               => __( \'Add New Item\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'edit_item\'                  => __( \'Edit Item\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'update_item\'                => __( \'Update Item\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'separate_items_with_commas\' => __( \'Separate items with commas\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'search_items\'               => __( \'Search Items\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'add_or_remove_items\'        => __( \'Add or remove items\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'choose_from_most_used\'      => __( \'Choose from the most used items\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'not_found\'                  => __( \'Not Found\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
        );
        $rewrite = array(
            \'slug\'                       => \'label\',
            \'with_front\'                 => true,
            \'hierarchical\'               => true,
        );
        $args = array(
            \'labels\'                     => $labels,
            \'hierarchical\'               => true,
            \'public\'                     => true,
            \'show_ui\'                    => true,
            \'show_admin_column\'          => true,
            \'show_in_nav_menus\'          => true,
            \'show_tagcloud\'              => true,
            \'rewrite\'                    => $rewrite,
        );
        register_taxonomy( \'label\', array( \'Img_portfolio_cpt\' ), $args );

    }

    // Hook into the \'init\' action
    add_action( \'init\', \'portfolio_taxonomy\', 0 );



    if ( ! function_exists(\'img_portfolio_cpt\') ) {

    // Register Custom Post Type
    function img_portfolio_cpt() {

        $labels = array(
            \'name\'                => _x( \'Portfolio Items\', \'Post Type General Name\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'singular_name\'       => _x( \'Portfolio\', \'Post Type Singular Name\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'menu_name\'           => __( \'Portfolio\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'parent_item_colon\'   => __( \'Parent Item:\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'all_items\'           => __( \'All Items\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'view_item\'           => __( \'View Item\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'add_new_item\'        => __( \'Add New Item\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'add_new\'             => __( \'Add New\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'edit_item\'           => __( \'Edit Item\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'update_item\'         => __( \'Update Item\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'search_items\'        => __( \'Search Item\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'not_found\'           => __( \'Not found\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'not_found_in_trash\'  => __( \'Not found in Trash\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
        );
        $rewrite = array(
            \'slug\'                => \'%label%\',
            \'with_front\'          => true,
            \'pages\'               => true,
            \'feeds\'               => true,
        );
        $args = array(
            \'label\'               => __( \'Img_portfolio_cpt\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'description\'         => __( \'Imagewize Portfolio\', \'imagewize_portfolio_plugin\' ),
            \'labels\'              => $labels,
            \'supports\'            => array( \'title\', \'editor\', \'author\', \'thumbnail\', ),
            \'taxonomies\'          => array( \'label\' ),
            \'hierarchical\'        => true,
            \'public\'              => true,
            \'show_ui\'             => true,
            \'show_in_menu\'        => true,
            \'show_in_nav_menus\'   => true,
            \'show_in_admin_bar\'   => true,
            \'menu_position\'       => 5,
            \'menu_icon\'           => \'dashicons-portfolio\',
            \'can_export\'          => true,
            \'has_archive\'         => true,
            \'exclude_from_search\' => false,
            \'publicly_queryable\'  => true,
            \'rewrite\'             => $rewrite,
            \'capability_type\'     => \'page\',
        );
        register_post_type( \'Img_portfolio_cpt\', $args );

    }

    // Hook into the \'init\' action
    add_action( \'init\', \'img_portfolio_cpt\', 0 );

    }
add_filter(\'post_type_link\', \'portfolio_permalink_structure\', 10, 4);
function portfolio_permalink_structure($post_link, $post, $leavename, $sample)
{
    if ( false !== strpos( $post_link, \'%label%\' ) ) {
        $label_term = get_the_terms( $post->ID, \'label\' );
        $post_link = str_replace( \'%label%\', array_pop( $label_term )->slug, $post_link );
    }
    return $post_link;
}

如@Pieter Goosen所述，必须检查CPT的命名问题。我还需要学习更多关于自定义帖子类型的知识，但今天确实学到了很多，并实现了目标。