超短版：

更换$post->post_title 具有get_permalink($post->ID).

简短版本：

在当前代码中添加一个过滤器，您可以在其中输出post_title.

$posts = get_posts(array(\'post_type\'=> \'lesson\', \'post_status\'=> \'publish\', \'suppress_filters\' => false, \'posts_per_page\'=>-1));
        //here you add the HTML of the dropdown you add something like

        echo \'<p>Select the lesson: <select name="_dappcf_i_dropdown" class="widefat"  style="width:170px" >\';
        foreach ($posts as $post) {
        echo \'<option value="\', $post->ID, \'"\'; 
        if  ($my_dropdown == $post->ID){echo \' selected="selected"\';} 
        echo \'>\'.
        apply_filters(\'filter_list_cpt\', $post->post_title, $post).
        \'</option>\';

        }
    echo \'</select>\';

在你的functions.php 或插件文件：

function filter_list_cpt($title, $cpt) {
    return sprintf(__(\'%1$s [%2$s]\', \'my_textdomain\'), $title, get_permalink($cpt->ID));
}

add_filter(\'list_cpt\', \'filter_list_cpt\', 10, 2);

但为什么要停在这里？让我们改进提供的代码，并将其放到WordPress透视图中。

更好的方法WordPress有自己的帮助函数来返回选择的页面，例如页面。因此，与其只编写代码，不如尝试根据我们的需要复制和重写此函数。我称之为：my_dropdown_post_type

function my_dropdown_post_type( $post_type = \'lesson\', $args = \'\' ) {
    $defaults = array(
        \'depth\' => 0, \'child_of\' => 0,
        \'selected\' => 0, \'echo\' => 1,
        \'name\' => "{$post_type}_id", \'id\' => \'\',
        \'class\' => \'\',
        \'show_option_none\' => \'\', \'show_option_no_change\' => \'\',
        \'option_none_value\' => \'\',
        \'value_field\' => \'ID\',
        \'post_type\' => $post_type
    );

    $r = wp_parse_args( $args, $defaults );

    $cpt = get_posts( $r );
    $output = \'\';

    if ( ! empty( $cpt ) ) {
        $class = \'\';
        if ( ! empty( $r[\'class\'] ) ) {
            $class = " class=\'" . esc_attr( $r[\'class\'] ) . "\'";
        }

        $output = "<select name=\'" . esc_attr( $r[\'name\'] ) . "\'" . $class . " id=\'" . esc_attr( $r[\'id\'] ) . "\'>\\n";
        if ( $r[\'show_option_no_change\'] ) {
            $output .= "\\t<option value=\\"-1\\">" . $r[\'show_option_no_change\'] . "</option>\\n";
        }
        if ( $r[\'show_option_none\'] ) {
            $output .= "\\t<option value=\\"" . esc_attr( $r[\'option_none_value\'] ) . \'">\' . $r[\'show_option_none\'] . "</option>\\n";
        }
        $output .= walk_page_dropdown_tree( $cpt, $r[\'depth\'], $r );
        $output .= "</select>\\n";
    }

    $html = apply_filters( \'wp_dropdown_pages\', $output, $r, $cpt );

    if ( $r[\'echo\'] ) {
        echo $html;
    }
    return $html;
}

然后我们应用list_pages 滤器

function filter_list_cpt($title, $cpt) {
    if ($cpt->post_type == \'lesson\')
        return sprintf(__(\'%1$s [%2$s]\', \'my_textdomain\'), $title, get_permalink($cpt->ID));
    return $title;
}

add_filter(\'list_pages\', \'filter_list_cpt\', 10, 2);

最后我们可以my_dropdown_post_type 功能类似于任何其他基本WP功能：

my_dropdown_post_type(
    \'lesson\', 
    array(
        \'selected\' => $my_dropdown, 
        \'post_status\'=> \'publish\', 
        \'suppress_filters\' => false, 
        \'posts_per_page\'=>-1
    )
);