get_categories 不允许您设置rand 像orderby 阿飞，但这没什么大不了的。它返回一个数组，因此在您的情况下，您所要做的就是洗牌该数组：

<?php
   $categories = get_categories( array(
       \'orderby\' => \'name\',
       \'order\'   => \'ASC\',
       \'exclude\' => \'all\',
       \'include\' => \'135,19,124,133,126\',
   ) );
   shuffle ( $categories );
   foreach  ($categories as $category) {
       echo \'<div class="category-list">\';
       echo \'<a href="\' . get_category_link( $category->term_id ) . \' "><div class="image_wrapper2 is-image list-image">\'. do_shortcode(sprintf(\'[wp_custom_image_category term_id="%s"]\',$category->term_id)). \'</div></a>\' ;
       echo \'<div class="image-category-mosje"><h2 class="title-category"><a href=" \' . get_category_link( $category->term_id ) . \' "> \'.$category->name.\' </a></h2></div>\';
       echo \'<span class="category-count"> \' . $category->count . \'</span>\';
       echo \'</div>\';
   }
?>