所以你在评论中说：

我们正在进行地址系统迁移，这个查询需要返回其中一个匹配的对象。要么oldsystem（county字段）设置为id，要么address值与搜索词匹配

如果你看看documentation, 自定义术语字段，如county 和ads_value （或JSON_EXTRACT()) 在您的情况下，不支持LIKE 也不是的标准值operator; 然而，既然你说过<是的，它们单独工作“；，那么让我们假设您有一些处理这些自定义字段和运算符的自定义代码？

我认为你所需要做的就是把这两个条件/条款放在一个单独的条款中OR 这样的关系：

$tax_query = (array) ( $query->query_vars[\'tax_query\'] ?? array() );

// Add a (named) top-level clause with an OR relation.
$tax_query[\'location\'] = array(
    \'relation\' => \'OR\',
);

// Sub-clause 1: Search in the \'county\' field.
// *You should check if $_REQUEST[\'s-location\'] is set.
$tax_query[\'location\'][] = array(
    \'taxonomy\'         => \'location\',
    \'include_children\' => true,
    \'field\'            => \'county\',
    \'terms\'            => array( $_REQUEST[\'s-location\'] ),
    \'operator\'         => \'IN\',
);

// Sub-clause 2: Search in the ads_value field.
$tax_query[\'location\'][] = array(
    \'taxonomy\'         => \'location\',
    \'include_children\' => true,
    \'field\'            => "JSON_EXTRACT(ads_value, \'$.paadress\')",
    \'terms\'            => \'%\' . $cname . \'%\',
    \'operator\'         => \'LIKE\',
);

$query->query_vars[\'tax_query\'] = $tax_query;

/* Or short version:
$query->query_vars[\'tax_query\'][] = array(
    \'relation\' => \'OR\',

    // sub-clause 1
    array(
        \'taxonomy\' => \'location\',
        \'field\'    => \'county\',
        \'terms\'    => array( $_REQUEST[\'s-location\'] ),
        \'operator\' => \'IN\',

    ),

    // sub-clause 2
    array(
        \'taxonomy\' => \'location\',
        \'field\'    => "JSON_EXTRACT(ads_value, \'$.paadress\')",
        \'terms\'    => \'%\' . $cname . \'%\',
        \'operator\' => \'LIKE\',
    ),
);
*/